Every entry in the application log has one of five severity levels. The level sets the row's color (and, for Info and above, a status icon) and how the level buttons on the filter strip affect visibility.

The filter strip has one button per level plus an All button. Tick the levels you want to see. Untick a level to hide its rows. All toggles every level on or off.
The chosen levels are remembered between sessions.
The level threshold for the on-disk log file is independent of the level filter on the tab; configure it on the Logging preferences page. File logging is off by default; when you turn it on, the default minimum level is Error and above. The tab itself shows everything (any level the in-memory writer was told to keep).
If you are filing a support ticket, set the tab to All levels, reproduce the issue, then export the visible rows (Copying and exporting log entries). The exported file gives the support team the context they need without screen-by-screen narration.